英语语法——ing分词的用法6.doc
⑤动词like, hate, prefer等后面,如表示一般性动作,多用-ing分词;如指特定的具体的某次动作,多用不定式。如:
I like swimming, but I don’t like to swim with you. 我喜欢游泳,但我不喜欢和你一起游泳。
I prefer walking to school every day. 我情愿每天步行去学校。
I prefer to stay at home today. 今天我情愿呆在家里。
⑥动词begin, start后面,如表示有意识地开始做某事,常用-ing分词,否则用不定式更多一些。如:
We began to do that job last year. 我们去年开始做那工作的。
They started talking about the film at once. 他们立刻开始谈论那部电影。
注:下面几种情况多用不定式作宾语:
a. 当start, begin本身用于进行时态时。
When the teacher came into the room, he was starting to write to his parents.
老师走进教室的时候,他正开始写信给他的父母亲。
b. 当start, begin后接表示心理活动的动词时。
Hearing the news, he started to think of a good way to solve the problem.
一听到消息,他就开始考虑一个好办法来解决这个问题。
c. 当句子的主语是无生命的东西时。
We were about to leave when it began to rain. 我们正准备离开,天开始下雨了。
7. -ing分词作表语的两种不同含义:
①-ing分词作表语可以表示主语的内容是什么。如:
Their job is building houses. 他们的工作是盖房子。
The real question is getting to know the needs of the people. 真正的问题是了解人民的需要。
②-ing分词作表语还可以表示主语所具有的特征。如:
This story is very interesting. 这故事很有趣。
The problem is quite puzzling. 这个问题很令人困惑。
①–ing分词作定语可用来说明被修饰的名词的用途和性能。如:
reading material 阅读材料 walking stick 手杖 fishing pole 鱼杆
flying suit 飞行服 writing table 写字台 listening practice 听力训练
②-ing分词作定语还可以表示所修饰的人或物的动作或状态,在意思上接近一个定语从句,可以表示正在进行的动作,也可表示经常性动作或当时的状态。如:
developing countries = countries that are developing 发展中国家
a growing city = a city that is growing 发展着的城市